Identifying and Controlling Fungus Gnats vs. Fruit Flies

Small flying bugs around plants are usually fungus gnats (black, swarm near soil) or fruit flies (around ripe fruit). Whiteflies are tiny, white, and cluster on leaf undersides.

• Fungus gnats: Larvae live in wet soil; let soil dry more, add sand/coir top dressing, use potato slices to trap larvae.
• Fruit flies: Remove overripe fruit, use vinegar traps.
• Whiteflies: Spray with insecticidal soap or neem oil; need plant name for specific advice.

Tell me which plants are affected for targeted treatment.