Winged Sumac (Rhus copallina): Native Shrub with Fiery Fall Color

Winged sumac, also known as shining sumac or flame-leaf sumac, is a deciduous native shrub or small tree celebrated for its glossy, winged leaf rachises and spectacular autumn display. It thrives in tough conditions, making it a valuable plant for naturalistic plantings, erosion control, and wildlife gardens.

Botanical Profile

• Family: Anacardiaceae (cashew family)
• Genus: Rhus
• Species: copallina

Distinctive Features

The common name "winged" refers to the flattened, leafy wings along the central leaf stalk (rachis) between the leaflets—a unique trait among sumacs. Leaves are dark green and glossy above, paler beneath. In late summer, female plants produce dense, pyramidal clusters of fuzzy red drupes that persist into winter, feeding birds and small mammals. Fall foliage ignites in brilliant shades of orange, red, and purple.

Growing Conditions

Winged sumac is adaptable to a wide range of soils, from dry, rocky slopes to moist bottomlands, and tolerates full sun to part shade. It spreads by root suckers to form colonies, which can be an asset for slope stabilization but may require management in formal gardens. Hardy in USDA zones 4–9.

Ecological Value

The flowers attract native bees and other pollinators. The persistent fruit is a critical winter food source for birds such as robins, bluebirds, and cedar waxwings. The plant also serves as a larval host for several butterfly and moth species.