Propagating Heritage Apple Trees: Cuttings vs. Seeds

My sister has an ancient apple tree (30+ feet tall, 5-foot trunk) with delicious white-skinned, pink-blushed fruit. I've rooted a cutting, but also want to try growing from seed for experimentation. What's the best method for apple seeds?

Seed vs. Cutting for Apples

Cuttings produce true clones—seeds don't. Apple seeds require cold stratification: clean seeds, place in moist sand in a zip-top bag, refrigerate 90 days, then sow. But seedlings will be genetically unique, likely producing inferior fruit. For preserving that exact heritage variety, stick with cuttings or grafting onto rootstock. If you want the experiment, go ahead—but don't expect the same apple.