Black Spots on Winterberry: Anthracnose or Scab

Winterberry (Ilex verticillata) with black spots on fruit and leaves likely has anthracnose or scab—fungal diseases favored by frequent overhead moisture (rain or irrigation).

Disease Impact

Usually cosmetic; doesn't kill established, well-cared-for plants. But heavy infection reduces ornamental value (berry display).

Management Options

Option 1: Tolerate if plant is otherwise healthy.

Option 2: Fungicide program (if unacceptable):

1. First spray: just as new leaves emerge next spring.
2. Repeat per label (usually 10–14 days) for 2–3 months.
3. Products: Spectracide Immunox or Fertilome Multipurpose Fungicide (read labels for Ilex safety).

Cultural Practices

• Avoid overhead watering; use drip/soaker.
• Prune for airflow.
• Rake and destroy fallen leaves/fruit in winter.
• Fertilize based on soil test.