Silver Russian Olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia): A Silvery, Thorny Tree with Fragrant Flowers

Silver Russian Olive, Elaeagnus angustifolia, is a deciduous large shrub or small tree native to Europe and Asia, naturalized in North America. Its silvery foliage, thorny stems, and fragrant yellow flowers make it distinctive.

Silvery and Fragrant

This tree grows 15–25 feet tall with a rounded, often multi-stemmed habit. The leaves are narrow, lanceolate, covered in silvery scales on both sides. In early summer, it produces small, bell-shaped, intensely fragrant, creamy-yellow flowers. The fruit is a silvery, olive-like drupe, edible but mealy.

Invasive Potential

Elaeagnus angustifolia is tough—drought, salt, and alkaline tolerant. It fixes nitrogen. However, it is invasive in many western U.S. riparian areas, displacing native vegetation. Check local regulations before planting. In controlled settings, it provides wildlife food and cover.