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Cool-Season Vegetables: What to Grow and When

Cool-season veggies grow best at temperatures averaging 15°F cooler than warm-season types. Many have edible leaves or roots (lettuce, spinach, carrots, radishes); others grown for immature flowers (artichokes, broccoli, cauliflower); a few for edible seeds (peas, broad beans). Most tolerate brief frost.

For best results, mature crops in cool weather; otherwise they turn bitter or bolt. (Except coldest climates, plant very early spring for pre-summer harvest, or late summer for fall/winter crop.) In warm regions, plant late summer to early fall for late fall/winter/early spring harvest. In coldest regions with cool summers (e.g., Alaska), plant May/June for summer harvest.

  • Arugula (rocket)
  • Beets
  • Broccoli
  • Brussels sprouts
  • Cabbage
  • Collards
  • Carrots
  • Cauliflower
  • Celery (mild winter climates)
  • Chard
  • Fennel
  • Kale
  • Kohlrabi
  • Lettuce
  • Mizuna
  • Mustard greens
  • Onions (bulbing)
  • Onions (bunching)
  • Pak choi (Bok choy)
  • Peas
  • Potatoes
  • Radishes
  • Spinach
  • Coriander (cilantro)

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