South African Seeds in Atlanta: When to Start, Soil Prep, and Basil Disease

Gardener brought seeds from South Africa: dahlia, zinnia, California poppy, nutans, proteas, leucospermums, leucadendrons. Asked when to start in Atlanta (zone 7–8), if high-iron soil is okay, and about basil turning black.

Seed Starting

• Sow now or Jan/Feb in seed-starting mix (vermiculite/peat) in flats—holds moisture better than ground.
• Exception: California poppy—sow on surface where it will grow; don't keep wet.
• Transplant after 2–3 true leaf sets.

Basil Black Leaves

• Leaf fungus: Water hitting foliage frequently → black spots. Basil hates wet leaves.
• Over-fertilization: Burns leaves black.
• Fix: Water at base, hot sun, infrequent deep watering.

Reference Book

American Horticultural Society Pests & Diseases (Pippa Greenwood)—complete guide.

Expert unavailable until Nov 10 for specific seed questions.