Holly Leaf Spots and Curling: Fungal Leaf Spot, Not Aphids

Diagnosis

Black spots → curling → brown dry leaves = fungal leaf spot (tar spot most severe). Soap won’t work on fungus.

Treatment

• Broad-spectrum fungicide: maneb, ferbam, or copper (Bordeaux).
• Apply every 2 weeks for 3 applications.
• Rake and destroy fallen diseased leaves.

If leaves were sticky, it’d be aphids; they’re not.