China Fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata): Timber and Ornamental

China fir is a fast-growing conifer native to China, valued for its durable, fragrant timber and striking, tiered branching habit. It is widely planted in forestry and gardens.

Botanical Profile

Description and Features

This evergreen tree grows 50–150 feet tall in cultivation, with a conical crown and distinctive horizontal, tiered branches. Needles are stiff, lance-shaped, dark green, sharply pointed. Bark is reddish-brown, peeling in strips. Cones are small, oval.

Cultivation and Uses

China fir prefers full sun and moist, well-drained, acidic soil. It is used extensively for timber (construction, furniture, coffins) and as an ornamental for its architectural form. It can resprout from the base if cut.

Cultivar Note

'Glauca' (Blue China Fir) has intense blue foliage.