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Annual Flower Frost Tolerance Chart: Hardy, Tolerant, Tender & Warm-Loving

Match planting times to frost tolerance for successful annual displays. Four categories based on frost-free date:

Very Hardy (4–6 wks before frost-free)	Frost Tolerant (2–3 wks before)	Tender (on/after frost-free)	Warm Loving (1–2 wks after)
Cornflower, Bells of Ireland, Ornamental cabbage, Pansy, Primrose, Violet, Snapdragon, Sweet pea	Black-eyed Susan, Coreopsis, Dianthus, Calendula, Sweet alyssum, Marigold, Phlox, Stock, Verbena	Aster, Nicotiana, Petunia, Scabiosa, Celosia, Cosmos, Impatiens, Lobelia, Torenia, Portulaca, Periwinkle, Salvia, Zinnia	Ageratum, Balsam impatiens, Begonia, Celosia, Cosmos, Impatiens, Lobelia, Marigold, Portulaca, Periwinkle, Phlox, Salvia, Vinca, Zinnia

Definitions: Very hardy = survive hard freeze. Frost tolerant = survive light frost. Tender = killed by frost. Warm loving = need warm soil, no cold tolerance.

Landscaping: Fragrant Container Plants for a New Jersey Deck; Why Your Hydrangea Stopped Blooming: Pruning Timing Is Everything; Balancing Foliage and Blooms: Fixing Non-Flowering Roses and Powdery Mildew; Deadheading African Violets: Where and How to Remove Spent Blooms; Why Your Mature African Violet Refuses to Bloom—and How to Fix It; Drosera × 'Marston Dragon' Flowering Twice in One Season: Normal or Resource-Driven?; Frost Protection for Carnivorous Plants in Charlotte, NC (Zone 8); Spring Flowers: Early Bloomers That Herald Winter's End; Frost-Tolerant Plants: Extend Your Garden Season with Cold-Hardy Flowers and Vegetables; Vegetable & Flower Frost Tolerance Tables for Spring & Fall Planting

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