Penstemon (Beard Tongue): Growing Guide for Hummingbird-Favorite Perennials

Penstemons are bushy, typically upright perennials that may be short-lived (3–4 years) but compensate with prolific, long-lasting blooms that hummingbirds adore. Their tubular, 1- to 2-inch flowers appear on leafy, semi-rigid stalks rising from clumps of narrow, 3-inch leaves. While species offer red, orange, and blue flowers, cultivars expand the palette to white, soft pinks, salmon, peach, deep rose, lilac, and deep purple. Plants generally grow as wide as they are tall.

Popular Species & Cultivars

Two widely sold species offer many cultivars: P. barbatus (Zones 1–24, 31–43) reaches 2 feet tall and blooms midsummer to fall; P. gloxinioides (Zones 7–9, 14–24) grows 2–4 feet tall and blooms in summer.

Growing Requirements

Plant penstemon in average to sandy or slightly rocky soil with excellent drainage. These plants aren't divided—simply replace them every 3–4 years. Do not fertilize; feeding shortens their already brief lifespan. Provide full sun (light shade in hot-summer climates) and regular watering.