Western Yew Yellowing with Bark Holes: Sapsucker Damage, Not Insects

A western yew in New Jersey shows yellowing leaves and rows of small holes in the bark, suggesting insect borers. However, the hole pattern—neat, organized rows—is classic sapsucker (woodpecker) damage.

Identifying Sapsucker Activity

Sapsuckers drill orderly holes to feed on sap and attract insects. Unlike borer holes, which are random, sapsucker holes form distinct horizontal or vertical lines. The birds may return repeatedly to the same wells.

Impact and Management

This damage rarely threatens overall tree health. No treatment is needed unless the tree shows severe decline. The holes will eventually callous over. Focus on general tree vigor: proper watering, mulching, and avoiding mechanical injury.

Expert insight provided by Steve.