Sting Nematodes in Lawns: Identification, Risk, and Biological Control

What Are Sting Nematodes?

Belonolaimus longicaudatus—microscopic worms that feed on grass roots. Require ≥80% sand content to survive. Notorious on golf greens (high-sand construction) even in clay regions. Prefer Bermudagrass.

Should Homeowners Worry?

Only if your soil is very sandy. Symptoms: irregular wilted patches, weed proliferation (spurge, sedge). Only a soil test confirms presence. Contact your local extension for testing info.

Biological Control Research

Clemson University study: root exudates from certain plants kill sting nematodes.

• Mustard seed meal (Brassica juncea 'Pacific Gold'): 99.5% control.
• Poinsettia shoots (Euphorbia pulcherrima 'Freedom Red'): 95–98% mortality.
• Spotted spurge shoots (Chamaesyce maculata): 95–98% mortality.

Best results when soil kept dry ≥4 days after application. Agronomy Journal, June 2006.

Practical Takeaway

If confirmed, explore mustard seed meal as a biofumigant. But first: test. Don't guess. Most lawns never encounter this pest.