Yarrow Plant Information: Common and Western Yarrow

Overview

Common yarrow (Achillea millefolium) is a perennial thriving in the U.S., Europe, and Asia. Native Americans used it extensively. Weedy but attractive for wildflower gardens. Also called milfoil; member of the Aster family, as is western yarrow (Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis) native to the western U.S.

Identification

Invasive via underground rhizomes. Grows to 16 inches; hairy leaves, largest near base. Pungent but not unpleasant odor. Wild habitats: fields, open woodlands, waste places, roadsides.

Flowers

Flat-topped clusters of small, closely packed flowers. Each head ~¼ inch wide with 4–6 rays. Off-white color; blooms June through late summer.

Growing Conditions

Extremely drought-tolerant. Ornamental cultivars from seed (plant ¼ inch deep). Need full sun and 65–75°F soil for germination. Rhizomes allow spread if unchecked.

Western Yarrow

Non-invasive, drought-resistant. Flowers pure white to cream, same shape. Fernlike, hairier leaves. Can reach 3 ft tall.

Benefits

Native Americans used common yarrow for fevers, bleeding, itchy rashes; leaf tea for upset stomach. Western yarrow similar, plus mosquito repellent and poultices for infected wounds.