Columbine (Aquilegia): Perennial for Hummingbirds, Rock Gardens, and Containers

Overview

Columbine (Ranunculaceae) is a long‑lived perennial alongside larkspur, Christmas rose, buttercup, and anemone. Distinctive spurred flowers and airy foliage make it a garden favorite.

Features

1–3 ft tall. Stems green or red. Leaves 3×2 in. Flowers 1½ in., nodding, five petals. Colors: yellow, white, pink, blue, purple, bicolors.

Environment

Young plants: light to part shade. Mature: full sun tolerant. Soil: loam, rock, or sand; moist or dry adaptable.

Climate

Hardy USDA zones 3–9 (all but hottest continental climates).

Care

Fertilize 1–2× yearly. Dies back after frost; no winter mulch needed.

Uses

Hummingbird gardens, flower beds, containers, rock gardens. Self‑sows gently.