How to Tell If a Mulberry Tree Is Male or Female

Identifying Mulberry Sex

Mulberry (Morus) species are often dioecious—separate male/female trees. Female trees need male pollen to fruit. Leaves: medium-large, green, maple-fig shape. Fruit: red/purple/black/white, blackberry-like. Small trees (60 ft), short trunk, low branches. Flowers bloom simultaneously—subtle differences.

Steps to Determine Sex

Step 1: Observe in Late Spring

Mid-April through May: both male and female catkins appear.

Step 2: Compare Catkin Length

Male: pale green, slightly tapered, clustered, hanging, 1–2 inches long.
Female: same color/form but shorter, max 1 inch.

Step 3: Check Catkin Girth

Male: slimmer, narrow profile, longer.
Female: wider by ⅛–¼ inch, plumper appearance.

Step 4: Confirm by Fruit

Female: fruit clusters spring–late summer (black in summer, red/white in spring).
Male: no fruit ever.

Note

Some cultivars are monoecious (both sexes on one tree). Observe over seasons for certainty.