Impatiens Flowers: Varieties, Care, and Growing Tips

Overview

Impatiens (Balsaminaceae family), also called balsam or busy lizzie, have brightened shady gardens for generations. Low-maintenance and colorful, they thrive where few other flowers bloom. Most garden varieties originate from African species.

Taxonomy and Cultivars

Scientific Classification

Impatiens walleriana (tender impatiens) is the common nursery species with 5-petaled white, pink, or salmon flowers. Doubles and red/orange forms are increasingly popular. I. balsamina (annual balsam) and I. hawkeri (New Guinea impatiens) are also grown. Heights range from 8-inch dwarfs to 14-inch standards; wild species reach 8 feet.

Life Cycle and Climate Adaptation

Though grown as annuals, I. walleriana is perennial where winters stay above 55°F. Cold-climate gardeners plant in spring for summer blooms; hot-region gardeners plant in fall for winter color.

Site Selection and Care

Light Requirements

Impatiens wilt in hot sun. Choose part shade; some New Guinea varieties tolerate more sun. They adapt well as houseplants in low indoor light.

Soil and Water

Rich, well-drained soil is essential. Keep evenly moist—avoid both drought and waterlogging. Mulch to conserve moisture. Annuals need little fertilizer; perennials benefit from compost or slow-release feed.