English holly (Ilex aquifolium) EYE-leks ah-kwih-FOE-lee-um Genus:  Ilex This tall, pyramidal, evergreen tree may be grown as a large shrub. Its evergreen, spiny foliage is leathery and glossy. Insignificant, though fragrant, flowers bloom in spring followed by red, orange, or yellow drupes that attract birds. Many cultivars are available. Noteworthy Characteristics:  English holly is less hardy than our American holly ( I. opaca ) and is more difficult to grow in some areas of the country. However, it is an agressive/invasive plant in certain areas, including the Pacific Northwest. Care:  Provide full sun to part shade and moist but well-drained soil in a sheltered site. In hot climates, English holly grows best with some afternoon shade. Prune in winter, if desired. Plant at least one male pollinator to ensure fruit set. Propagation:  Take semi-ripe cuttings in summer or early fall. Problems:  Holly leaf miner, spider mites, whitefly, scale, leaf spot, leaf rot, tar spot, powdery mildew. leaf scorch, leaf drop, chlorosis. Aphids may prey on young shoots.

Overview

Height Over 30 ft. Spread 15 ft. to 30 ft. Growth Habit Clumps Growth Pace Invasive/Aggressive Grower Light Full Sun to Part Shade Moisture Medium Moisture Maintenance Moderate Characteristics Attracts Song Birds, Showy Fruit Bloom Time Spring Flower Color White Uses Beds and Borders, Hedge, Specimen Plant/Focal Point Seasonal Interest Spring Interest Type Shrubs