European Dog's Tooth Violet (Erythronium dens-canis)

European dog's tooth violet (Erythronium dens-canis) is a charming, spring-ephemeral bulb native to Europe. A member of the Liliaceae family, it's named for its elongated, white, tooth-shaped bulb.

Description

Low perennial 6–12 inches tall. Two basal leaves, ovate, often mottled brown. Single nodding flower on a slender stem: 6 reflexed petals, pink to lilac (rarely white), with a yellow base. Blooms early spring (March–April). Goes dormant by early summer.

Growing Conditions

• Zones: 3–8.
• Light: Part shade to dappled shade (woodland conditions).
• Soil: Rich, moist, well-drained, humusy. Neutral to slightly acidic.
• Water: Moist in spring; dry summer dormancy.
• Planting: Plant bulbs 3–4 inches deep, 3 inches apart in fall.

Care & Maintenance

Allow foliage to die back naturally. No summer water. Mulch with leaf mold. Divide clumps every 3–4 years. Self-seeds slowly.

Uses

Woodland gardens, shade borders, rock gardens, naturalized under deciduous trees. Early pollinator forage.

Potential Issues

Bulb rot in wet soil. Slugs on flowers. Generally trouble-free.

A delicate, early spring jewel that carpets woodland floors in pink.