Plant Disease Control: Prevention First, Fungicides Second

Disease management starts at planting: Space trees for mature canopy air flow. Prune low branches (shade = damp = fungus). Remove fallen leaves (overwintering inoculum). Fungicides: rotate modes, preventive schedule, but overuse breeds resistance. Vigilance > chemicals.

Culture Is the Cure

Clean, airy, well-spaced plantings deny pathogens their preferred environment. Fungicides support—never replace—good cultural practices. The healthiest gardens are the best-managed, not the most-sprayed.