White Worms and Mystery Pellets in Potting Soil: Harmless Inhabitants

What You Found

Repotting a Song of India plant revealed small, whitish, hard worms that curl up when touched, plus styrofoam-like balls and small green spheres in the leftover soil. A few leaves yellowing after transplant.

Identification

• Worms: Likely springtails (Collembola) or fungus gnat larvae. Both are common in moist potting media. Springtails jump; fungus gnat larvae have black head capsules. Curling up = springtails. Harmless to plants; feed on fungi/decay.
• White balls: Perlite—volcanic glass expanded for aeration. Normal.
• Green balls: Controlled-release fertilizer prills (Osmocote-type). Normal.

Action Plan

1. Don't panic. These are normal container inhabitants.
2. If worms bother you: Ask garden center for a soil drench insecticide labeled for fungus gnats/springtails (e.g., Bti, neem, pyrethrin).
3. Yellow leaves: Transplant shock + possible overwatering. Water only when top inch is dry. Ensure pot drains (nickel hole is small—consider enlarging or adding more holes).
4. No need to repot again unless soil stays soggy.