Orange spiky growths on branches = fungal fruiting bodies (likely Gymnosporangium rust or similar). Black leaves = sooty mold from honeydew of insects (aphids, scale) attracted to stressed tissue.
Topical sprays can't reach internal fungi or clear vascular blockages. Atomic Grow as soil drench moves through roots to:
Mix in 5-gallon bucket, pour around root zone. Repeat per label. Monitor for new clean growth.
Bradford pears are short-lived (15–25 years). At 16 years, this tree may be nearing natural decline. Consider replacement planning.
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