Unidentified Pests on Hibiscus: Red and Black Stages, Root Check Needed

A hibiscus in Ohio showed red "pupae" and black adults on bark and soil, with rapid leaf loss. Soap sprays and wiping gave temporary relief. The expert couldn't ID from the photo but noted: if both stages move actively, they're not scale insects (common on hibiscus).

Critical step: Repot the plant. Inspect roots—mushy, brown roots indicate root rot (disease); insects in the root zone point to root mealybugs or grubs. Fresh potting mix and a clean pot may save it. The problem is likely below ground, not on the bark.