Asparagus ferns growing along fence rows are almost certainly wild asparagus (Asparagus officinalis)—escaped from cultivation. Birds eat the red berries from female plants and deposit seeds under fences and power lines.
Young spring shoots are edible and tasty, but typically thinner than cultivated varieties. My parents transplanted wild seedlings into their garden for a modest spring harvest.
For reliable, thick spears, plant all-male hybrids like 'Jersey Giant' or 'Jersey Knight'. They don't waste energy on seed production, yield more heavily, and resist common diseases. Crowns establish quickly and produce for 15+ years.
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