Trillium erectum (Red Trillium): Native Woodland Wildflower

Red Trillium: Spring Ephemeral with Chocolate-Red Blooms

Trillium erectum, known as red trillium or wake-robin, features upright or outward-facing blossoms in chocolate, reddish-purple, occasionally white or yellow. At close range, the flowers emit an unpleasant scent. Blooming in mid- to late spring, plants reach 14–20 inches tall and about a foot wide.

Plant Overview

• Height: 1 to 3 feet
• Spread: 6 to 12 inches
• Growth Habit: Clumping, moderate grower
• Light: Part shade to full shade
• Moisture: Medium, rich well-drained soil with neutral to acidic pH
• Maintenance: Low
• Bloom Time: Late spring
• Flower Colors: Brown, red, white, yellow
• Special Features: Fragrant (unpleasant), native, self-seeds, showy flowers
• Uses: Woodland gardens, naturalizing, groundcovers

Cultivation Notes

Plant in rich, moist, well-drained soil with neutral to acidic pH. Add annual mulch of rich organic matter. Since trilliums go dormant in summer, interplant with other shade-loving perennials. Propagate by division when dormant in late summer or early fall. Potential issues: smut, rust, fungal spots, slugs, snails.