Adder's-tongue Fern (Ophioglossum vulgatum)

Overview

Adder's-tongue Fern (Ophioglossum vulgatum) is a small, inconspicuous fern with a unique morphology: a single sterile leaf blade and a separate fertile spike (sporophore) resembling a snake's tongue.

Taxonomy

Description

The plant produces a single, fleshy, ovate sterile frond 2–10 cm long. The fertile spike arises from the base, bearing two rows of sporangia that split open to release spores. The root system is fleshy and mycorrhizal.

Habitat and Cultivation

Found in damp meadows, grasslands, and open woods. Difficult to cultivate; requires specific mycorrhizal fungi and seasonal moisture. Best appreciated in natural habitats or specialized collections.