Welcome Earthworms: Nature’s Soil Builders

The easiest soil health test: turn a spadeful of earth and count earthworms. Three or four wigglers indicate rich, productive soil. More worms mean better fertility, drainage, and texture.

Earthworms transform organic matter (compost, leaves, manure) into humus and castings—“black gold” for gardeners. Don’t add worms directly; add organic matter to attract them. Work chopped leaves and compost into soil spring and fall. Learn how organic matter helps plants.