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New Construction Landscape Failure: Compacted Soil and Mulch Volcanoes

Two-year-old landscape: one evergreen and one yew died with very moist roots. Mulch was 1 foot deep. Other plants (holly, dwarf pear, grasses) thrive. Full sun from 1 PM. NE Pennsylvania.

Cause: compacted subsoil from construction—builders strip topsoil, compact with heavy equipment. Water cannot drain. Excessive mulch (should be 3–4 inches) worsens oxygen deprivation.

Fix: auger planting holes to break hardpan, add sand for drainage. Reduce mulch to 4 inches. Monitor watering. Wet-tolerant alternatives: willows, serviceberry, birch, viburnum, clethra, linden.

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