Humane Deer Deterrence: Plants, Repellents, and Fencing

Deer-Resistant Plants (Not Deer-Proof)

• Bulbs: Daffodils, alliums, fritillaria (toxic).
• Perennials: Yarrow, salvia, coneflower, lavender.
• Herbs: Rosemary, thyme, oregano, mint (strong oils).
• Annuals: Marigolds, snapdragons, alyssum.

Scent-Based Repellents

• Hydrolyzed casein (baby formula): 17–18% casein, mixed with Elmer's glue (1:3) as sticker.
• Garlic oil concentrate: Commercial deer repellent.
• Milorganite fertilizer: 37-day browse reduction in studies.
• Soap bars (Dial, Lifebuoy): Hang from branches; replace quarterly.

Physical Barriers

• 48-inch fence for small areas (deer are lazy).
• Individual tree cages for buck rub protection.
• Electric fence for larger areas.

Rotation Is Key

Deer habituate. Rotate repellents every 3–4 weeks. Combine strategies for best results.