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Deer-Proofing Gardens and Managing Tomato Diseases

Deer Deterrence (Ranked)

  1. 8-ft fence (only 100% effective).
  2. Electric fence (2 strands, 12" & 36").
  3. Repellents: Rotate Ropel, coyote urine, cayenne, Irish Spring soap.
  4. Motion sprinklers (Scarecrow).

Hungry deer ignore repellents. Fence is the only guarantee.

Tomato Disease Identification

  • Septoria leaf spot: Small brown spots with gray centers, lower leaves first.
  • Early blight: Target-like rings, stem lesions.
  • Verticillium/Fusarium wilt: Yellowing, wilting, vascular browning.

Integrated Management

  • Resistant varieties (VFN codes).
  • 3-year rotation.
  • Stake/cage early; prune suckers.
  • Base watering only; mulch.
  • Copper fungicide (Soap Shield) preventatively.

Spacing Note

Crowding increases humidity = disease. 30–36" apart minimum.

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