Elaeagnus: The Fragrant but Invasive Silverthorn

Elaeagnus: The Fragrant but Invasive Silverthorn

A homeowner found a shrub with weeping limbs and tasty-looking fruit in late March, wondering if it was unusual for fruiting so early. The plant was identified as elaeagnus, commonly called silverleaf or silverthorn, though some gardeners dub it "Ugly Agnes" for its unkempt growth habit.

Characteristics and Concerns

Elaeagnus is often planted along highways because dense stands can stop vehicles, potentially saving lives. In fall, it produces tiny, intensely fragrant flowers that perfume entire neighborhoods. These are followed by abundant fruit loved by birds and squirrels. While the fruit is edible, it's quite sour.

The major drawback is its invasiveness: animals spread seeds widely, making elaeagnus one of the worst invasive shrubs. Planting it in landscapes is not recommended, though its sweet fall fragrance earns a grudging appreciation.