Types of Landscape Designers: Who to Hire for Your Project

Landscape design terminology can be confusing: hardscape vs. softscape, and multiple professional titles—landscape architect, contractor, designer, landscaper. Here's how they differ and who to hire.

Professional Types

Landscape Architect

College degree + state license/registration. Trained in engineering, architecture, grading, drainage, design. May lack deep plant knowledge. Creates architectural drawings for commercial/residential projects. Doesn't typically install but oversees process. Higher cost; hire for high-level vision and construction drawings.

Landscape Contractor

State licensed/registered. Extensive installation, modification, maintenance experience. May lack formal design education. Can create drawings but often works from others' designs. Hire to execute the project.

Landscape Designer

In California: unlicensed, limited to residential conceptual drawings (no construction drawings). May have horticulture/design degree/certificate. Known for creativity and plant knowledge. Doesn't install; may consult during installation. Regulations vary by state.

Landscaper

Designs, installs, and/or maintains landscapes without required degree, license, or registration.

Landscape Specialties

• Design Only – Creates designs only
• Design/Build – Designs and installs
• Installation – Focuses solely on installation
• Maintenance – Ongoing care only

Hardscape: Patios, pergolas, paths, pools, retaining walls (landscape backbone).
Softscape: All plant material.
Other specialties: Interior vs. Exterior, Residential vs. Commercial.