Planting and Caring for Shrubs: Water, Fertilizer, Mulch, and Pest Management

Shrubs come as container-grown, bare-root, or balled-and-burlapped. Their water and fertilizer needs vary widely—research each species before buying. Some are drought-tolerant once established; others need consistent moisture. Most benefit from a complete fertilizer each spring during youth; a few (e.g., moisture-loving types) want annual feeding for life.

Fertilizer Application

Controlled-release granules are efficient. Spread in a wide circle—two to three times the shrub's diameter at ground level (wider for tall, narrow shrubs)—and scratch into the top few inches. For surface-rooted shrubs like rhododendron and camellia, barely scratch the surface to avoid root damage.

Mulching

Apply mulch around and between shrubs to conserve moisture and suppress weeds. Mulch after spring fertilizing. For mid-season feeding, use liquid fertilizer or foliar spray to penetrate mulch.

Pest & Disease Monitoring

Check shrubs periodically. Blast dust and debris off with a strong hose spray—this removes pests and spores and discourages spider mites. Rake and discard (don't compost) fallen leaves that show disease (e.g., black spot). Healthy leaf litter can decompose in place.