The Lapacho Tree (Tabebuia impetiginosa): Beauty, Timber & Medicinal Potential

Native from Guatemala to Brazil, the lapacho tree (also called Pau d’Arco, purple trumpet tree, ipê) is a fast-growing evergreen reaching 125 feet. Its pink trumpet flowers bloom for ~3 weeks in late winter/spring. The bark is extremely hard, pest- and rot-resistant.

Landscape Value

• Zones: USDA 9a–12b (hardy to 22°F). Ideal for California, Gulf Coast, Florida.
• Growth: 20 ft in 5 years, then slows.
• Maintenance: Drought-tolerant once established. Fertilize annually after bloom.
• Mess factor: High—flower drop followed by long seed pods in summer.

Medicinal Bark: Tradition & Research

Indigenous peoples used inner bark for arthritis, fever, infections, and cancer. Modern lab studies identify naphthoquinones (lapachol, beta-lapachone) with antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, and cytotoxic (cancer-cell-killing) activity.

Caution: Human toxicity at high doses includes anemia, vomiting, bleeding, dizziness (Memorial Sloan-Kettering). No standardized dosage exists. Consult a physician before use.

Pau d’Arco Tea

Widely sold in health stores. Anecdotal relief for inflammation/arthritis. Flavor is earthy, bitter—not universally liked. Start with small amounts.

Timber & Cultural Uses

Ipê wood is exceptionally dense (sinks in water), used for decking, tool handles, bows, boats, and structural beams. FSC-certified sources are essential—illegal logging threatens wild populations.

The lapacho tree offers ornamental grandeur, valuable timber, and a pharmacopeia still being decoded. Plant it for shade and beauty; respect its potency.