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Vegetable Types: Warm-Season vs. Cool-Season

Vegetables are designated "warm-season" or "cool-season" based on the temperatures they need for best growth.

Warm-Season Vegetables

Examples: peppers, tomatoes. Summer crops requiring warm soil and high temperatures. Killed by frost. Plant after last spring frost.

Cool-Season Vegetables

Grow steadily at average temperatures 10–15°F (6–8°C) lower than warm-season types. Plant in very early spring for early summer harvest, or late summer for fall/winter harvest (in mild regions). Most tolerate brief frost, but become bitter and bolt in heat. In short-season or cool-summer areas, they can be grown in summer.

Perennial Vegetables

A few vegetables are perennials: plant once, harvest yearly. Give them a dedicated area so they're not disturbed when preparing soil for annual crops. Fertilize and mulch each spring; water as needed.

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