Growing Baptisia (Wild Indigo)

Pronunciation: bap-tiz'ee-uh

These substantial, long-lived, vigorous plants are initially slow to establish but become tough and drought-tolerant, requiring little maintenance. Members of the pea family, they bear lupine-like flowers ideal for cutting and are hardy to Zone 3. Plants grow 3–4 ft tall and wide with attractive blue-green foliage that stays healthy all summer. Space 18–30 in. apart depending on variety.

Light/Watering

Best in full sun; tolerates some shade but will need staking. Very drought-tolerant once established, though evenly moist soil is always beneficial.

Fertilizer/Soil and pH

Prefers slightly acidic soils—do not add lime. Well-drained, deep, rich soil is best, though Baptisia tolerates low fertility. Fertilize in early spring with balanced fertilizer or slow-release form.

Pests/Diseases

Generally free from insect pests and foliage diseases.

Companions

Bloom alongside Siberian Irises and Peonies in late spring to early summer. Attractive foliage makes them an asset even out of bloom.

Reflowering

Baptisias flower once in late spring and will not rebloom if deadheaded (which also prevents attractive seedpods). Cut back by one-third after flowering to eliminate late-season floppiness.

Dividing/Transplanting

Slow-growing; division not needed for 10+ years. Deep taproots make transplanting difficult but possible with care, especially while plants are small.

End-of-Season Care

Foliage turns black with first hard frost; plants fall over by January. Cut back close to ground in late autumn during cleanup.

Calendar of Care

• Early Spring: Light application of balanced or slow-release fertilizer or side-dress with compost. Supplement nitrogen during prolonged rain. Water if unseasonably dry. Mulch if desired.
• Mid-Spring: Support plants in part shade with peony rings or stakes.
• Summer: Pinch off dead flowers if seedpods not desired. Groom by removing yellowing leaves. Cut back by one-third and shape for attractive habit.
• Fall: Cut foliage back to soil level.